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The Raven Paradox, also known as Hempel's paradox, is a philosophical puzzle arising from the seemingly counterintuitive idea that observing a non-black non-raven (like a white shoe) can be considered evidence that supports the hypothesis "all ravens are black". This paradox highlights a...

Here's a breakdown of the paradox: 1. The Setup: Imagine an angel appears to a group of philosophers and offers to answer one question truthfully. 2. The Question: The philosophers devise the following question: "What is the ordered pair (x, y) where x is the best question to ask the angel...